查看 MYSQL 所支持的字符集
- 使用 SHOW CHARSET 语句可以查看所有支持的字符集
语法
SHOW CHARSET;
示例
mysql> SHOW CHARSET;
+------------+------------------------------------+---------------------------+---------+
| Charset | Description | Default
collation | Maxlen |
+------------+------------------------------------+---------------------------+---------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West
European | cp850_general_ci |
1 |
| hp8 | HP West
European | hp8_english_ci | 1 |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom
Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |
| latin1 | cp1252 West
European |
latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European |
latin2_general_ci | 1 |
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci |
1 |
| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 |
| ujis | EUC-JP
Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci |
1 |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci |
2 |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian |
koi8u_general_ci | 1 |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci |
2 |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci |
1 |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci |
1 |
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci |
1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci |
1 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode |
utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci |
1 |
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak |
keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |
| macce | Mac Central
European | macce_general_ci |
1 |
| macroman | Mac West European
| macroman_general_ci | 1 |
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci |
1 |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci |
1 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci |
4 |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic |
cp1251_general_ci | 1 |
| utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci |
4 |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic |
cp1256_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic |
cp1257_general_ci | 1 |
| utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode |
utf32_general_ci | 4 |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8
Georgian |
geostd8_general_ci | 1 |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows
Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows
Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------+---------+
39
rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看数据库服务器和数据库字符集
- 使用 SHOW CHARSET 语句可以查看数据库服务器和数据库的字符集
语法
SHOW CHARSET [LIKE ''];
示例
mysql> SHOW CHARSET LIKE '%character%';
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name |
Value |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client |
utf8 |
| character_set_connection |
utf8
|
| character_set_database |
utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results |
utf8 |
| character_set_server |
utf8
|
| character_set_system |
utf8
|
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql5535/share/charsets/ |
+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00
sec)
示例
mysql> SHOW CHARSET LIKE 'character_set_server';
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name |
Value |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| character_set_server |
utf8
|
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
1 rows in set (0.00
sec)
查看创建数据库的语句，来查看字符集
- mysql中可以通过 SHOW CREATE DATABASE 语句查看创建的数据库的语句，从生成的语句中也可以得到设置的字符集
示例
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE test\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Database: test
Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4
COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80014 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION='N' */
使用 SELECT 语句查看数据库的字符集
- mysql 中数据库的信息储存在 information_schema 表中，可以通过此表进行查询
语法
SELECT schema_name,default_character_set_name
FEOM information_schema.schemata
[ WHERE schema_name = <数据表名> ];
示例
mysql> SELECT schema_name,default_character_set_name
> FROM information_schema.schemata
> WHERE schema_name = 'test_db';
+-----------------+-----------------------------------+
| schema_name |
default_character_set_name |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------+
| test_db | utf8 |
+-----------------+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 使用地址@查找字段，需要使用数据库
语法
USE test_db;
SELECT @@character_set_database;
示例
mysql> USE test_db;
mysql> SELECT @@character_set_database;
+-----------------------------------+
| @@character_set_database |
+-----------------------------------+
| utf8 |
+-----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
来自 <https://www.cnblogs.com/yangmingxianshen/p/7999428.html>